Aug 7, 2010
DNA As Genetic materials
Genetic materials are the substance which can controls the inheritance of trails from one generation to the next and are also able to express its effect through the formation and functioning of the trails. Replication and expression are the two basic characteristics of genetic materials. The genetic material consists of a number of genes.
Functions and requirements of Genetic material
- Genetic material must be able to replicate itself.
- The genetic material and its genes must contain the hereditary information in the coded form.
- The structural elements of the genetic materials must be ubiquitous in their distribution.
- It should be present in all the cells.
- There should be transformation of replicated genetic material from a cell to its daughter and from one generation to the next.
- It should be able to express itself through formation of specific biochemical.
- Different parts of an organism are able to have specific size, structure and functions due to the presence of intrinsic control system for different functioning of genetic material or its genes.
- The sorts of biological clock in the expression of genetic material govern developments of embryo, juvenile state, mature state, sexual maturation and ageing.
- There is an occasional, permanent and inheritable change in the structure and functioning of its genes. It is called mutation.
DNA as Genetic material
- The various evidence of DNA being genetic material are as follows:
- It occurs in all the cells and is capable of replication.
- DNA copies are precisely the same as the original DNA.
- It is able to control the cell structure and cell functions through transcription and translation.
- DNA replicates prior to cell division and is equitably distributed in the daughter cells.
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